Cultural Highlights of Myanmar

Known as the major destination on travellers’ itineraries after Yangon, Mandalay once served as the last royal city of Burmese kingdom before the country was colonised by Britain in 1885. As a home to fascinating monasteries, gem covered temples and the huge fortifications of the former royal palace, Mandalay now is the country’s second biggest city, a major commercial and cultural center. You can get a great feel for the city and its position in the heart of Myanmar as you watch the sunset from Mandalay Hill. Remember to leave your shoes in a shoebox at the bottom since it is a pilgrimage site not allowed to bring your shoes to the top of the hill. Apart from visiting the pagodas, temples and monasteries, take time to venture off outside of the city for many attractions in the surroundings. Visit the U Bein Bridge, the longest teak bridge in the world, built on Taungthaman Lake in 1849 in Amarupa, a township of Mandalay. From Mandalay, you can take a boat trip on the Irrawaddy River to the village of Mingun, famous for its brick pagoda built by King Bodawpaya in the early 19th century. It is home to one of the largest bells in the world with its 90 ton weight. The village of Sagaing, with its hill offering panoramic views over the Irrawaddy River, is also worth a visit. Like any other big cities, there’s no better way to explore Mandalay than immersing yourself in its sights and sounds of daily life. The cuisine here is an exotic blend of noodles, seafood, and rice, spiced up and enhanced by condiments and salads. Fruits, a feature of the tropical climate, are also an important part of this cuisine. The food has been influenced by the techniques, ingredients and flavors of Myanmar’s neighbors: Thailand, India and China. Head down to Zay Cho market, or one of the many other streets of bustling stalls, to sample an array of traditional Burmese and international dishes.

Bagan is located on the banks of the Ayeyarwady River (Irrawaddy), a few miles south of Mandalay and north of Yangon. During the heyday of Bagan, this was the center of the Pagan Kingdom from the mid-9th to the end of the 13th centuries. More than 10,000 Buddhist strutures have been built here, nevertheless, only 2,000 remain until now. Formerly inhabited by between 50,000 and 200,000 people, the lost city is now largely deserted, with most of the local population confined to settlements on the peripheries, leaving the monuments rising in the grassy plains. Known as the “Bagan Archaeological Zone”, the ancient monuments of different periods stretch over a vast area on the bank of Ayeyarwady river up to the Turintaung range. Although the best way to explore these temples is on foot, a unique way to enjoy a panoramic view of the Bagan temples is taking a ride on a hot air balloon for a sunrise or sunset. For those who are not interested in a balloon ride, simply climb up to the top terrace of the Bagan viewing tower and enjoy the wide expanse of temples. The town is not only about temples. One also can take a day hiking Mount Popa, an important pilgrimage site with several temples dedicated to the ancient spirit atop the mountain; take a boat ride along the Irrawaddy River, the lifeline of Myanmar, which stretches 2,170 km across the country, passing through Bagan; take a cycling trip to explore the countryside of Myanmar from the back roads.